UN sanctions listing
PROTOGÈNE RUVUGAYIMIKORE
PROTOGÈNE RUVUGAYIMIKORE is an individual designated on the United Nations Security Council (UN) sanctions list under the DRC programme, listed on 2023-10-25. <VALUE>Commander of the FDLR special unit “Commando de recherche et d'action en profondeur” (CRAP) (now called Maccabe)</VALUE>. This page summarises the public designation — known aliases, identifying particulars, the stated reason for listing and linked parties — alongside an independent, transparent risk indicator.
Reason for listing
Listed pursuant to paragraphs 7 (b), 7 (e), and 7 (h) of resolution 2293 (2016) as “being political and military leaders of foreign armed groups operating in the DRC who impede the disarmament and the voluntary repatriation or resettlement of combatants belonging to those groups”; “committing acts in the DRC that constitute human rights violations or abuses or violations of international humanitarian law, as applicable, including those acts involving the targeting of civilians, including killing and maiming, rape and other sexual violence, abduction, forced displacement, and attacks on schools and hospitals”; and “acting on behalf of or at the direction of a designated individual or entity, or acting on behalf of or at the direction of an entity owned or controlled by a designated individual or entity”, as reaffirmed by paragraph 2 of resolution 2688 (2023). As a leader of FDLR (CDe.005), he has effective command and control over the group’s combatants.
Statement of reasons as published by UN Security Council. This is the issuing authority's wording, reproduced for reference.
Designation record
| List / authority | UN Security Council (UN) — DRC |
|---|---|
| Entity type | Person |
| Programmes / regime | DRC |
| Date listed | 2023-10-25 |
| Source record ID | un:6908955 |
| Last updated (our copy) | 2026-06-04 |
Identity & particulars
| Position / role | <VALUE>Commander of the FDLR special unit “Commando de recherche et d'action en profondeur” (CRAP) (now called Maccabe)</VALUE> |
|---|---|
| Date of birth | 1969; 1970; 1971 |
| Place of birth | Gisenyi Prefecture, Rwanda; Rwanda |
| Address(es) | Nyiragongo, North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo |
Deep-research dossier
Not yet deep-researched
The instant review above is drawn from the public lists. A deep-research dossier goes much further — an analyst-grade OSINT report: associate & co-investment network screening, structural / ownership opacity, a dated risk trajectory, an 8-factor scoring model, and numbered, source-linked evidence. See the format in the design system.
Clarifications & right of reply
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Source & provenance
| Issuing authority | United Nations Security Council |
|---|---|
| Source identifier | un:6908955 |
| Aggregated by | Sanctiometer (independent) — verify against the issuing authority's official list before acting. |